Wages, compensation, investment returns (more or less) and debt contracts are set with certain asssumptions about inflation and price levels. When inflation changes, so does the amount of money flowing in these relationships. The original contract didn't have this change in inflation in mind so someone benefits because of public policy. Will inflation-indexing become more prevalent (like worker profit-sharing?)
Lately the problem has been slow recoveries after recessions. Recessions reset these contracts. Before it was the Fed that would set off recessions. Now it's the bursting of bubbles and balance sheet recessions.
The Fed relays new needed demand via the banks and profitable investments (although lowering interest rates makes governments' borrowing cheaper.) The government relays new demand via spending (and it can temporarily cut taxes).
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